By scientific Method we understand that they are a set of techniques that are being used for building scientific knowledge. These different kind of techniques could be how to make valid observations, how to interpret results and in what way to generalise those results. The scientific Method gives permits the researcher to independently and without any partiality test the already existing theories and the previously known findings. It allows him to subject them to open debate, content enrichment and further modification. There are four characteristics that the scientific Method must satisfy:
a) Replication: It should be possible for others to be able to independently replicate of repeat a scientific study and come out with results that are similar.
b) Precision: All the theoretical concepts which are not easy to measure have to explained and defined with complete precision so that they could be used as definitions by other researchers to measure concepts.
c) Disapprovability: The stating of the theory should be in a fashion that there is scope to disapprove it. All those theories that cannot be tested or do not have the option of falsification cannot be called as genuine scientific theories and neither is their knowledge thoroughly scientific. The concepts of the theory that has been put down should be accurately measurable and explained in exactly precise terms.
d) Miserliness: There are times when there is a multiple explanation of a given phenomenon. At this juncture the scientists or the researcher must ensure to opt for the most logical and economical explanation. The technical terminology for this concept is “Parsimony” or Occam’s Razor”. It helps to prevent scientists from taking up very complex and expensive theories with complexities in concepts and relationships which do not explain anything specific in detail.
Among all the branches of enquiry should permit the scientific method to test the basic laws. To explain further with example, Theology, which is the study of religion does not called a science and nor are Arts, Music, Literature, Humanities and law as the theories propounded by them cannot be tested by independent observers by the use of replicable, precise, disprovable and miser methods.